World Bank
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Kenya Between Washington and Beijing
Debt Pressure, Public Discontent and Chinese Capital Push Nairobi Toward BRICS Channels Kenyan diplomacy under President William Ruto has moved through a period of visible strain between older Western alignments and newer overtures to China, Russia and the wider BRICS network. Washington treated Kenya as a dependable security partner for two decades because Kenyan forces Continue reading
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Africa’s Silent Recolonisation: Debt, Deindustrialisation and the Net Zero Agenda
How net zero climate-linked debt, collapsing grids and external mandates are African states into managed decline and dependence Access to abundant and affordable energy underpins every stage of economic development. African governments that attempt to industrialise without reliable baseload power expose themselves to stagnation, dependence, and political manipulation. External actors promoting net-zero targets in Africa Continue reading
